Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Immediate and Delayed Dental Implant Rehabilitation: A Prospective Study

Introduction: The original implant surgical protocol proposed by Bran Mark et al involves open flap access, stepwise osteotomy of the bony ridge, and implant placement followed by good primary closure. Objectives: To compare the radiographic marginal bone loss, pocket depth, clinical outcome associated with immediate and delayed implants, and success rates 2 years after the placement of implants. Materials and methods: Totally 62 dental implants were placed in 42 patients. They were randomly selected to the immediate or delayed group. Among those selected, 30 were immediate implants and 32 were delayed implants. The width and depth of marginal bone defects around the implants were measured clinically just after placement and 3 months later at the abutment surgery. Bone healing and marginal bone changes were evaluated radiographically and clinical parameters evaluated were pocket depth, local infection, altered sensation, soft tissue dehiscence, pus discharge, implant mobility, and patient’s satisfaction. All the collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17 software. Statistical analysis was done using Z test. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference in pocket depth and crestal bone loss in both groups. Mean pocket depth in immediate group was 3.285 mm and mean pocket depth in delayed group was 3.523 mm at 1 year. There were minimal crestal bone losses in the immediate group as compared with delayed implant group at 1-year follow-up. Also, there were reduced complications, such as local infection, altered sensation, RESEARCH ARTICLE 1Professor and Head, 2,3,7Reader, 4Professor, 5,6Postgraduate Student 1,5-7Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College & Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University Visnagar, Gujarat, India 2Department of Prosthodontics, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 4Department of Prosthodontics, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: Anil M Managutti, Professor and Head Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College & Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University Visnagar, Gujarat, India, Phone: +919727756155, e-mail: [email protected] 10.5005/jp-journals-10012-1160 soft tissue dehiscence, and pus discharge in immediate implant placement group and resulted in patient’s satisfaction. Conclusion: We conclude that the immediate dental implant placement is significantly superior over the delayed implant placement.